The capacitor in the ac circuit is offering a reactance (X) to the flow of current. Inductive reactance, X=1/2πfC, where f is the supply frequency and C is the capacitance. The vector sum of this value and the value of resistance will give the impedance of the circuit, and the ratio of the resistance (R) to the impedance (Z) is the power factor .
Since there is only inductance in this example, the power factor will be leading, i.e. the current will lag the voltage by the angle calculated above.
PF = cos φ = R/Z
Since there is only inductance in this example, the power factor will be leading, i.e. the current will lag the voltage by the angle calculated above.
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